TOWARD A NEW ELECTROMAGNETICS
PART III:  CLARIFYING THE VECTOR CONCEPT

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ADDITIONAL NOTES AND REFERENCES

Although quotes and direct utilization of material from these references were not incorporated in this paper, the following references were also consulted. In addition,' several notes are added for further clarity.

33.  Rupert Sheldrake, A New Science of Life:  The Hypothesis of Formative Causation, J. P. Tarcher, Inc., Los Angeles, CA, 1981.  Ø, the electrostatic scalar potential field, in my opinion is actually the morphogenetic field that Sheldrake proposes.

34.  Briefly, by a "particle" we mean an entity so constructed that, if any part of it changes all of it changes.  From the viewpoint of the particle, this implies that to change is to detect, and to detect is to change.  Also, internal and external become synonymous, in the "detected" sense.  The idea of a "fundamental particle" in physics actually invokes the fourth law of logic implicitly.

35.  Only if a thing dimensionally contains time, can it "occupy time."  This point is so obvious that one wonders how so many of the scientists and mathematicians seem to have missed it.  By this criterion, e.g., mass does not exist in time, a priori.  To "observe" or detect, in fact, means to stop time, thus collapsing the wave function. However, it reduces the observable or detectable to a spatial quantity, not a spatiotemporal quantity.  In other words, the ordinary scientific method destroys a part of reality in each detection or measurement, yielding only a partial truth. not fundamental truth.

36.  Note that electrostatic scalar potential is actually infinite-dimensional and hyperspatial.  The coverage of this paper is still only a special case.  By Tesla technology, it is possible to do direct engineering in hyperspace -- beyond our present space and time, with all that that statement implies.

37.  Bob Sloan, "Nikola Tesla:  The Greatest Inventor of all Time?".  IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society Newsletter, June 1983, pp. 9-11.  A very succinct summary of the importance Tesla played in ushering in the modern age.

38.  Gerald E. Brown and Mannque Rho, "The structure of the nucleon," Physics Today, Vol. 36, No.2, February 1983, pp. 24-32.  Recommended as a summary of the new thinking as to the structure of the nucleon:  a bag containing three quarks, surrounded by a cloud of mesons which squeeze the bag.

39.  John J. O'Neill. Prodigal Genius:  The Life of Nikola Tesla. Angriff Press, P.O. Box 2726, Hollywood, CA 90028, new printing 1981.

40.  Margaret Cheney, Tesla:  Man Out of Time, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1981.

41.  John T. Ratzlaff and Leland I. Anderson. Dr. Nikola Tesla
Bibliography
. Palo Alto. CA, 1979. Indispensable.

 42.  Dr. Nikola Tesla:  Selected Patent Wrappers, compiled by John T. Ratzlaff, multiple volumes. 1980.  Available from The Tesla Book Company, 1580 Magnolia, Millbrae, CA 94030.  Tesla's correspondence with the U.S. Patent Office, when patiently trying to obtain patents.  He spent a great deal of time trying to convince the Patent Office that his inventions would indeed work.  Some of them required 12 years to obtain, and then were "watered down" in the process.

43.  Thomas Commerford Martin, The Inventions, Researches and Writings of Nikola Tesla, Originally published in 1894 by The Electrical Engineer, New York;  republished in 1977 by Omni Publications, Hawthorne, CA 90250.

44.  Ernest Nagel and James R. Newman, Godel's Proof, New York University Press, 1958.

45.  Yakov P. Terletskii, Paradoxes.in the Theory of Relativity, With a Foreword by Banesh Hoffman, translated from the Russian, Plenum Press, New York, 1968.  Of particular interest is the discussion on particles with imaginary masses, moving faster than the speed of light, contained in pp. 104-107.  Such particles can in principle be experimentally detected.  In fact, it would appear that the well known exchange of virtual particles between two other particles, such that each turns into the other, is such a case.  (Note that protons and neutrons in the nuclei of atoms do precisely this.)

46.  Robert M. Besancon, Ed., The Encyclopedia of Physics, Second Edition, Van Nostran Reinhold, New York, 1974.  Particularly see the discussion on the electron, pp. 272-274.  Note this discussion predates Stanford University's experiments yielding fractional charge, though it does point out that several physicists had also reported measuring fractional charges on the electron.  See also the discussions of ionization, Michelson-Morley experiment, the photon, and propagation of electromagnetic waves.

47.  Robert Eisberg and Robert Resnick, Quantum Physics of Atoms, Molecules, Solids, Nuclei, and Particles, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1974.

48.  R. K. Bullough and P. J. Caudrey, eds., Solitons, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1980.

49.  James Dale Barry, Ball Lightning and Bead Lightning, Plenum Press, New York, 1980.  Note particularly p.196, for a short discussion on flashless discharges.  An extensive bibliography is also included.

50.  Harley D. Rutledge, Project Identification, The First Scientific Field Study of UFO Phenomena, Prentice-Hall Inc., Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1981.

51.  John J. Reitz, Frederick J. Milford, and Robert W. Christy, Foundations of Electromagnetic Theory, Third Edition, Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1979.

52.  The entire series of handbooks by William Corliss, dealing with anomalies and unusual natural phenomena of all kinds.  Corliss is a national treasure, and his handbooks are absolutely indispensable. See particularly his Handbook of Unusual Natural Phenomena, The Sourcebook Project, Box 107, Glen Arm, MD 21057, 1977 and his Lightning, Auroras, Nocturnal Lights, and Related Luminous Phenomena, 1982.

53.  Bernard d'Espagnat, Conceptual Foundations of Quantum Mechanics, W. A. Benjamin, Menlo Park, CA, 1971.

54.  D.W.G. Ballentyne and D.R. Lovett, A Dictionary of Named Effects and Laws in Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics, Fourth Edition, Chapman and Hall, New York, 1980. Check this neat little book to discover some very odd effects in materials.

55.  David Bohm, The Special Theory of Relativity, W. A. Benjamin, New York, 1965.

56.  Albert Einstein, Relativity:  The Special and the General Theory, Crown Publishers, New York, 1961.  See particularly the discussion of relativity and the problem of space, in Appendix V.

57.  Edwin F. Taylor and John Archibald Wheeler, Spacetime Physics, W. H. Freeman and Co., San Francisco, 1966.  Note particularly the discussion on observers and frames in the first two dozen pages.  On p.19, note that the notion of a frame requires an infinite observer distributed through each and every "point" that was clock-synchronized in a frame.  Since all observers are localized, a better idea is to realize that all the "external" modeling just represents the relative changes inside the physical detection system of the observer himself/herself.  All detection/observation is totally inside the physical observer.

58.  Paul Edwards, Ed. in Chief, The Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Vols. 1-8, Macmillan Publishing Co., New York, 1967.

59.  Michael A. Persinger and Gyslaine F. Lafreniere, Space-Time Transients and Unusual Events, Nelson-Hall, Chicago, IL, 1977.

60.  John David Jackson, Classical Electrodynamics, Second Edition, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1975.

61.  James Clerk Maxwell, A Treatise On Electricity & Magnetism, Vols. 1 & 2, Third Edition, Dover Publications, New York, 1954.  An unabridged, slightly altered, republication of the third edition, originally published by the Clarendon Press in 1891.

62.  Jack S. Greenberg and Walter Greiner, "Search for the sparking of the vacuum," Physics Today, August 1982, pp. 24-32. A beautiful summary article on the present concept of the vacuum, from the standpoint of quantum mechanics and quantum field theory. I specifically urge anyone interested in tapping the vacuum energy to read this article.

63. Max Jammer, Concepts of Mass, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 1961.  Recipient of the monograph prize of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences for the year 1960 in the field of physical and biological sciences.  This book, strange as it may seem, was the first monograph to subject the notion of mass to an integrated and coherent historical investigation, something which had never before been done.  The reading of this book is an absolute must for anyone seriously concerned about whether or not science speaks fundamental truth, or to what degree it does so.  Most scientists assume foundations concepts such as "field," "force," "mass," "time," etc. are well-defined and well-understood in physics, since they are ubiquitous and so familiar.  In fact, none of the absolute fundamentals in the foundations of physics is unambiguously understood!
            The last paragraph by Jammer is illuminating:  "The modern physicist may rightfully be proud of his spectacular achievements in science and technology.  However, he should always be aware that the foundations of his imposing edifice, the basic notions of his discipline, such as the concept of mass, are entangled with serious uncertainties and perplexing difficulties that have as yet not been resolved."

64.  G. Burniston Brown, "Gravitational and inertial mass," American Journal of Physics, Vol. 28, p. 475, 1960: "...one of the most astonishing features of the history of physics is the confusion which surrounds the definition of the key term in dynamics, mass."

65.  Whittaker, Sir Edmund, A History of the Theories of Aether and Electricity, Vol. 1:  The Classical Theories, and Vol. 2:  The Modern Theories 1900-1926, Harper Torchbooks, Harper & Brothers, New York, 1960.

66.  Weyl, Hermann, Space -- Time -- Matter, Fourth Edition, translated from the German by Henry L. Brose, Dover Publications, New York, 1922.

67.  Jammer, Max, Concepts of Space:  The History of Theories of space in Physics, Second Edition, Foreword by Albert Einstein, Harvard Univ. Press, Cambridge, MA, 1969.